Dynamical excitation of the tropical Pacific Ocean and ENSO variability by Little Ice Age cooling

Environmental change in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean: review of ENSO and decadal variability

Interannual variability of the physical environment in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean (ETP) and biological effects of this variability are reviewed and compared to variability in the northeastern Pacific. El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) scale variability of 2 to 7 yr periods is dominant in the eastern equatorial Pacific and decadal scale variability of 10 to 30 yr periods is dominant in...

Precursors of ENSO beyond the tropical Pacific

ENSO Modulations due to Interannual Variability of Freshwater Forcing and Ocean Biology-induced Heating in the Tropical Pacific

Recent studies have identified clear climate feedbacks associated with interannual variations in freshwater forcing (FWF) and ocean biology-induced heating (OBH) in the tropical Pacific. The interrelationships among the related anomaly fields are analyzed using hybrid coupled model (HCM) simulations to illustrate their combined roles in modulating the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The HC...

Correlative Evolutions of ENSO and the Seasonal Cycle in the Tropical Pacific Ocean

This study examines whether shifts between the correlative evolutions of ENSO and the seasonal cycle in the tropical Pacific Ocean can produce effects that are large enough to alter the evolution of the coupled atmosphere–ocean system. The approach is based on experiments with an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) of the Pacific basin, in which the seasonal and nonseasonal (interannually va...

Regional impacts of ocean color on tropical Pacific variability

The role of the penetration length scale of shortwave radiation into the surface ocean and its impact on tropical Pacific variability is investigated with a fully coupled ocean, atmosphere, land and ice model. Previous work has shown that removal of all ocean color results in a system that tends strongly towards an El Niño state. Results from a suite of surface chlorophyll perturbation experime...